The schedule-based transit system modelling: state-of-the-art and future developments

This paper presents a concise state-of-the-art and recent developments on the schedule-based modelling approach for the simulation of transit systems. In particular, recent developments focus on high-frequency services and congestion treatment in schedule-based path choice and assignment models. They refer to both implicit and explicit congestion modelling approaches. As these two ways of modelling congestion are characterised by different basic assumptions and theoretical approaches, the first subsection will describe models with implicit treatment of congestion (including those for uncongested networks), while the second reports those which explicitly consider congestion through the use of vehicle capacity constrains. Finally, recent developments on schedule-based path choice for low-frequency services are reported, too.