Sub-millimetric vacuum electron gun design and characterization

This paper presents the design of an electron gun that could be employed for vacuum tubes operating in the THz range. In this context, vacuum tubes, such as traveling wave tubes (TWT) or klystrons, represents the only way to obtain high power sources with compact dimensions. One of the main difficulties in the realization of THz vacuum tube is the design and the realization of the electron gun. Since the dimensions are quite small (few millimeters) a Multiphysics (MP) approach is necessary in the electron gun design in order to study the effect of the multiple influencing factors. In order to start the developing of MP models for these devices, a Particle Tracing (PT) simulation, based on a COMSOL Multiphysics, for a vacuum Electron Gun (E-Gun) has been performed. PT simulation in a MP ambient can be extended to a thermal and structural mechanics simulation.