Effects of propofol anesthesia induction on the relationship between arterial blood pressure and heart rate

this paper presents the analysis of autonomic nervous system (ANS) control of heart rate (HR) and of cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in patients undergoing general anesthesia for major surgery through spectral analysis techniques and with the granger causality approach that take into account the causal relationships between HR and arterial blood pressure (ABP) variability. propofol produced a general decrease in ABP due to its vasodilatory effects, a reduction in BRS, while HR remained unaltered with respect to baseline values before induction of anesthesia. the bivariate model suggests that the feedback pathway of cardiac baroreflex could be blunted by propofol induced anesthesia and that the feedforward pathway could be unaffected by anesthesia.