Entropy-minimizing dynamical transport on Riemannian manifolds

Given a smooth Riemannian manifold (M, g), compact and without boundary, we analyze the dynamical optimal mass transport problem where the cost is given by the sum of the kinetic energy and the relative entropy with respect to a reference volume measure e-Vdx. Under the only assumption that the prescribed marginals lie in L1(M), and a lower bound on the Ricci curvature, we characterize the minimal curves as unique weak solutions of the optimality system coupling the continuity equation with a backward Hamilton–Jacobi equation (with source given by the logarithm of the density). We give evidence that the entropic cost enhances diffusive effects in the evolution of the optimal densities, proving L1→L∞ regularization in time for any initial-terminal data, and smoothness of the solutions whenever the marginals are positive and smooth. We use displacement convexity arguments (in the Eulerian approach) and gradient bounds from quasilinear elliptic equations. We also prove the convergence of optimal curves towards the classical Wasserstein geodesics, as the entropic term is multiplied by a vanishing parameter, showing that this kind of functionals can be used to build a smoothing approximation of the standard optimal transport related to the Wasserstein distance.