A classification of urban freight transport measures

The paper, recalling the aim of city logistics and analyzing the different aims of urban stakeholders, analyses the implementable city logistics measures, proposes a classification giving some examples from many cities around the world. Deciding on implementation measures requires full assessment of social costs and who has to abide by them. Each recalled measures is analysed in term of actors/decision-makers involved, temporal reference scale (strategic, tactical, operational) and obtainable results. Examples are given of cities where such measures have been implemented. The dominant pattern currently found in cities is one where prohibitions are the rule. While some of the measures outlined in the paper are those promoted and implemented by public authorities, other categories are either promoted directly by private agents (especially as regards management measures) or are the result of an incentive from public authorities to private agents. It emerges that many measures are related to economic and environmental sustainability, while few can be attributed to social sustainability (e.g. road safety).