In healthy individuals, antigens from the gut lumen are tolerated by the mucosal immune system. However, a loss of tolerance toward the bacterial microflora probably causes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis. The abnormal activation of the immune system in the gut of IBD patients is characterized by a cascade of cellular events orchestrated by cytokine cross talk between immune and non-immune cells. Interleukin (IL)-21, the newest member of the common γ-chain-dependent cytokine family, is a key component of the inflammatory cascade in the gut. It is highly expressed in CD and sustains the ongoing T helper type 1 (Th1)-mediated immune response. IL-21 is essential for the differentiation of Th17 cells. IL-21 is also involved in recruiting T cells to the inflamed gut and eliciting the secretion of matrix-degrading enzymes by gut fibroblasts. Overall, there is now sufficient evidence to suggest that targeting IL-21 will be of therapeutic benefit in IBD.

Fantini, M.c., Monteleone, G., Macdonald, T.t. (2008). IL-21 comes of age as a regulator of effector T cells in the gut. MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY, 1(2), 110-115 [10.1038/mi.2007.17].

IL-21 comes of age as a regulator of effector T cells in the gut

FANTINI, MASSIMO CLAUDIO;MONTELEONE, GIOVANNI;
2008-01-01

Abstract

In healthy individuals, antigens from the gut lumen are tolerated by the mucosal immune system. However, a loss of tolerance toward the bacterial microflora probably causes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis. The abnormal activation of the immune system in the gut of IBD patients is characterized by a cascade of cellular events orchestrated by cytokine cross talk between immune and non-immune cells. Interleukin (IL)-21, the newest member of the common γ-chain-dependent cytokine family, is a key component of the inflammatory cascade in the gut. It is highly expressed in CD and sustains the ongoing T helper type 1 (Th1)-mediated immune response. IL-21 is essential for the differentiation of Th17 cells. IL-21 is also involved in recruiting T cells to the inflamed gut and eliciting the secretion of matrix-degrading enzymes by gut fibroblasts. Overall, there is now sufficient evidence to suggest that targeting IL-21 will be of therapeutic benefit in IBD.
2008
Pubblicato
Rilevanza internazionale
Articolo
Sì, ma tipo non specificato
Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA
English
CD4 antigen; CD8 antigen; gamma interferon; gelatinase A; gelatinase B; interleukin 21; interleukin 21 receptor; interstitial collagenase; macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha; stromelysin; tumor necrosis factor alpha; bacterial immunity; CD4+ T lymphocyte; CD8+ T lymphocyte; chemotaxis; Crohn disease; drug targeting; effector cell; enteritis; enzyme degradation; enzyme release; epithelium cell; fibroblast; human; immune response; immunocompetent cell; immunological tolerance; immunoregulation; immunostimulation; inflammation; intestine cell; intestine flora; intestine injury; intestine mucosa; lymphocyte differentiation; molecular interaction; mucosal immunity; nonhuman; priority journal; protein expression; review; T lymphocyte activation; Th1 cell; ulcerative colitis; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Fibroblasts; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Inflammation; Interleukins; Intestines; T-Lymphocytes
Fantini, M.c., Monteleone, G., Macdonald, T.t. (2008). IL-21 comes of age as a regulator of effector T cells in the gut. MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY, 1(2), 110-115 [10.1038/mi.2007.17].
Fantini, Mc; Monteleone, G; Macdonald, Tt
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2108/39373
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