Preventive measures in disaster management can make the difference

Coping with the consequences and losses caused by natural disasters is one of the most pressing issues that humanity is often facing. Addressing this challenge involves different strategies, from prevention and reaction plans to adaptation and mitigation projects. Preventive measures can be seen as the most effective way to prevent loss of life and damage to property. These encompass building codes, land use, and environmental conservation efforts, as well as less tangible activities linked to education and awareness. The paper shows some of the possible ways to create effective natural disaster management, with a set of ex-ante measures which are particularly focused on prevention methods. Highlighting their importance does not mean denigrating ex-post activities. Rather, an impactful approach should integrate these two typologies of measures and avoid an excessive reliance on insurance alone. Indeed, by investing in prevention, communities can substantially reduce their vulnerability and exposure. Examples drawn from experience with flooding events are also provided for a more concrete understanding.