Application of the Maximum Power Extrapolation Procedure for Human Exposure Assessment to 5G Millimeter Waves: Challenges and Possible Solutions

This paper describes an investigation on the application of the Maximum Power Extrapolation (MPE) technique on a fully operational Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) FR2-band 5G gNB. The data was acquired in [27.1-27.3] GHz band using a network scanner over nearly 10 minutes periods to allow a statistical analysis and an accurate estimation of the role of each contribution to the total uncertainty, including the fading affecting the 5G FR2 reference signal. The results show that the level of the electromagnetic field is well below the limits imposed by Italian legislation. However the goal of the paper is more fundamental, and shows an approach that can be used to identify the critical elements of the measurement set-up, suggesting where to concentrate efforts to improve the measurement procedure. In particular, the uncertainty budget highlights three contributions, (i.e. estimation of the traffic beam level, of the probe response and of the 5G FR2 reference signal) that deserve further investigations.