The efficacy and safety of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors ab initio after liver transplantation without corticosteroids or induction therapy

Background: Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors have been used along with corticosteroids and/or induction therapy immediately after liver transplantation. Our aim was to assess the safety and tolerability of everolimus ab initio after liver transplantation without corticosteroids or induction, as well as efficacy in terms of liver function, rejection and graft loss. Methods: A retrospective observational study of 50 adult patients (86% males, median age 54 years, range 25-68) who were liver transplanted between 2009 and 2013 and followed for 12 months. All recipients received everolimus plus low doses of calcineurin inhibitors (n = 38) or mycophenolate (n = 12) without corticosteroids and/or induction from the day of transplant. Results: The overall patient and graft survival was 80%. Liver function was stable during one year follow-up. No rejections or graft loss were observed. Only five patients (10%) required therapy for onset dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Everolimus-based immunosuppression regimen without corticosteroids and/or induction immediately after liver transplantation seems to be safe and effective when administered with low doses of calcineurin-inhibitor or mycophenolate; although these findings require further investigation, these regimens could avoid adverse effects of standard immunosuppression regimens with higher doses.