I profili politico-ideologici della questione religiosa nei testi costituzionali e nei concordati – Il caso italiano

The religious question in Italy has been conditioned by a number of factors: by the way in which national unity was consolidated, by the presence of pontifical power and, previously, the Roman Question due to the lengthy absence of Catholics from political life and the subsequent ambiguities of relations with the Fascist regime. A point of balance was reached with the Republican Constitution, which was based on the Lateran Treaty and opened up relations with other religious faiths. Its real application was influenced by the persistence of a religious character from the ideological and psychological perspective, with the pendulum subsequently swinging to the other side. The review of the concordats and the functioning of the mechanisms of understanding with minority religions gave rise to the creation of a secular state system that was not hostile to religious sentiment and was collaborative with the different religious faiths.