In the western society and developing countries the incidence of insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and augmented metabolic risk for cardiovascular disease and T2DM, are increasing exponentially. This raise is due mainly to an urbanized life style and to age of population. The shared feature of these related diseases is an impaired response to insulin target tissues, insulin resistance, and/or reduction of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Studies of these aspects are performed: in vitro, culture cell lines of fibroblasts/hepatocytes derived from insulin receptor knockout (IRKO) mice transformed by adenovirus SV40; ex vivo, in genetically modified animal (mouse) models for insulin receptor knockout (IRKO). It has been analyzed the differences in proteins expression profile and insulin signaling transmission in IRKO hepatocytes and IRKO mouse liver tissues compared with the wild type and heterozygous phenotypes. The aims of this study are to detect differences in proteins expression that could be modulated by insulin and could be involved in cell survival, cell cycle and oxidative stress. In these conditions it is possible to study the specific role of IRKO in hepatic cell lines and analyze the different modulation in activity and expression of insulin related substrates (basal conditions). On the other hand, in mouse liver tissue (ex-vivo) it is possible to detect differences in insulin substrates expression and activation in diabetic ketoacidotic conditions (pathophysiological conditions). To isolate the differentially expressed proteins we used 2D-PAGE analysis of protein extracts of knockout, wild type and heterozygous mouse liver tissues and murine hepatocytes phenotypes (wild type and knockout). Five proteins at present, of the 22 proteins differentially expressed, have been identified by mass spectrometry. It has also been discovered a defect in post transcription proteins production that it is associated with a related increases in mRNA levels and again it has been described a defect in myotubules proteins expression but differently not in albumin production.
Il diabete mellito di tipo 2 (DMT2) è caratterizzato da elevati livelli di insulino resistenza (IR) e da un difetto della cellula beta pancreatica. L’iperglicemia insorge principalmente a causa di un aumento della produzione di glucosio a livello epatico che induce uno stato di iperinsulinemia. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è studiare la fisiopatologia della disfunzione epatica nel DMT2. Nel nostro studio abbiamo utilizzato due modelli sperimentali: 1) Linee cellulari epatiche immortalizzate derivate da topi knockout (KO) (IR-/-) e “wild type” (WT) (IR+/+) per il recettore insulinico (IR); 2) Tessuto epatico estratto da topi IR+/+, eterozigoti con un singolo allele knockout per IR+/-, e IR-/-. L’analisi proteomica, condotta su triplicati sperimentali biologici, in elettroforesi bidimensionale (2D-Gel), evidenziava diverse proteine di interesse: sono state trovate più di 20 proteine differentemente sintetizzate nei fenotipi studiati, sia nei tessuti che in vitro. Cinque proteine sono state identificate mediante spettrometria di massa (MALDI-TOF): Peroxiredoxin-6, XRN2, Annessina 1, Calreticulina, HMGB1. Lo studio dei livelli di sintesi e della funzione delle cinque proteine ha rivelato il loro coinvolgimento nella regolazione del segnale insulinico, della sintesi proteica, del metabolismo e dello stress ossidativo. Il confronto di questi dati con quelli ottenuti dall’analisi trascrittomica (Real-Time PCR) e l’analisi Western Blot, ha dimostrato che la mancanza del recettore insulinico sia in vitro che in vivo induce un’alterazione del processo di traduzione.
Capuani, B. (2009). Regolazione epatica del segnale insulinico.
Regolazione epatica del segnale insulinico
CAPUANI, BARBARA
2009-07-29
Abstract
In the western society and developing countries the incidence of insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and augmented metabolic risk for cardiovascular disease and T2DM, are increasing exponentially. This raise is due mainly to an urbanized life style and to age of population. The shared feature of these related diseases is an impaired response to insulin target tissues, insulin resistance, and/or reduction of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Studies of these aspects are performed: in vitro, culture cell lines of fibroblasts/hepatocytes derived from insulin receptor knockout (IRKO) mice transformed by adenovirus SV40; ex vivo, in genetically modified animal (mouse) models for insulin receptor knockout (IRKO). It has been analyzed the differences in proteins expression profile and insulin signaling transmission in IRKO hepatocytes and IRKO mouse liver tissues compared with the wild type and heterozygous phenotypes. The aims of this study are to detect differences in proteins expression that could be modulated by insulin and could be involved in cell survival, cell cycle and oxidative stress. In these conditions it is possible to study the specific role of IRKO in hepatic cell lines and analyze the different modulation in activity and expression of insulin related substrates (basal conditions). On the other hand, in mouse liver tissue (ex-vivo) it is possible to detect differences in insulin substrates expression and activation in diabetic ketoacidotic conditions (pathophysiological conditions). To isolate the differentially expressed proteins we used 2D-PAGE analysis of protein extracts of knockout, wild type and heterozygous mouse liver tissues and murine hepatocytes phenotypes (wild type and knockout). Five proteins at present, of the 22 proteins differentially expressed, have been identified by mass spectrometry. It has also been discovered a defect in post transcription proteins production that it is associated with a related increases in mRNA levels and again it has been described a defect in myotubules proteins expression but differently not in albumin production.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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