In spite of the gaps, the findings obtained from archaeological research have contributed to constructing a new view of the history of Sicily during the Byzantine and Islamic ages (sixth to eleventh centuries). The article has devoted particular attention to data related to rural settlement, as well as to the circulation, production and consumption of ceramic manufactures. The task of interpreting these data has also benefited from advances in numismatics, sphragistics and historical research per se. What can be stated with certainty is that Sicily occupied a place of central importance in the overall system of Mediterranean exchanges: particularly both in the dramatic seventh century and in the tenth and eleventh centuries, but also with a fair amount of importance in the eighth century. A number of signs may be interpreted as indicating the continuance of the state system based on taxation and the circulation of money both in the Byzantine and Islamic periods. However, we are not justified in speaking of a high degree of territorial militarization, nor of a general increase in settlement on hilltops. Instead, various data point to the central importance that villages were gradually acquiring (often unfortified villages) and there is significant evidence of this as early as late Antiquity. In general, we are also able to get a glimpse of the importance of peasant communities, which were becoming gradually more autonomous and which were characterised by a low level of internal hierachization, especially during the Islamic period. This autonomy did not, however, result in an extreme impoverishment of material culture, except perhaps during the ninth century.
Le informazioni fornite dalla ricerca archeologica, per quanto ancora lacunose, contribuiscono alla costruzione di una nuova visione della storia siciliana in età bizantina ed islamica (secoli VI-XI). Nell’articolo si sono considerati in modo particolare i dati relativi all’insediamento rurale, nonché alla circolazione, produzione e consumo di manufatti in ceramica. La riflessione su questi dati si è anche potuta avvalere del progredire della ricerca in campo numismatico, sfragistico e squisitamente storico. Si può con certezza affermare la centralità della Sicilia nel sistema complessivo degli scambi mediterranei: in modo particolare sia nel drammatico VII secolo che nei secoli X-XI, ma con una discreta rilevanza anche nell’VIII. Diversi segnali della tenuta del sistema statale basato sulla tassazione e la circolazione monetaria si leggono sia per il periodo bizantino sia per quello islamico. Non si può, tuttavia, parlare né di una forte militarizzazione del territorio, né di una generalizzata risalita dell’insediamento nelle zone di sommità. Diversi elementi parlano invece della progressiva centralità assunta dai villaggi (spesso non fortificati), con importanti testimonianze già a partire dall’età tardoantica. Nel complesso si può anche intravedere la rilevanza delle comunità contadine, progressivamente più autonome e poco gerarchizzate al loro interno, specialmente durante l’ età islamica. Questa autonomia non comportò tuttavia la estrema semplificazione della cultura materiale, se non forse durante il secolo IX.
Molinari, A. (2013). Sicily between the 5th and the 10th century: villae, villages, towns and beyond. Stability, expansion or recession?,. In P. Pergola, E. Zanini (a cura di), The insular system of Early Byzantine Mediterranean: archaeology and history (pp. 97-114). GBR : BRITISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL REPORTS, International seri.
Sicily between the 5th and the 10th century: villae, villages, towns and beyond. Stability, expansion or recession?,
MOLINARI, ALESSANDRA
2013-01-01
Abstract
In spite of the gaps, the findings obtained from archaeological research have contributed to constructing a new view of the history of Sicily during the Byzantine and Islamic ages (sixth to eleventh centuries). The article has devoted particular attention to data related to rural settlement, as well as to the circulation, production and consumption of ceramic manufactures. The task of interpreting these data has also benefited from advances in numismatics, sphragistics and historical research per se. What can be stated with certainty is that Sicily occupied a place of central importance in the overall system of Mediterranean exchanges: particularly both in the dramatic seventh century and in the tenth and eleventh centuries, but also with a fair amount of importance in the eighth century. A number of signs may be interpreted as indicating the continuance of the state system based on taxation and the circulation of money both in the Byzantine and Islamic periods. However, we are not justified in speaking of a high degree of territorial militarization, nor of a general increase in settlement on hilltops. Instead, various data point to the central importance that villages were gradually acquiring (often unfortified villages) and there is significant evidence of this as early as late Antiquity. In general, we are also able to get a glimpse of the importance of peasant communities, which were becoming gradually more autonomous and which were characterised by a low level of internal hierachization, especially during the Islamic period. This autonomy did not, however, result in an extreme impoverishment of material culture, except perhaps during the ninth century.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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