Persistence of anti-HBs in children vaccinated against viral hepatitis B in the first year of life: follow-up at 5 and 10 years

The persistence of anti-HBs protective levels in groups of children who had been immunized against Hepatitis B 5 and 10 years earlier, in their first year of life, has been studied. The results were analyzed according to the type of vaccine (both plasma-derived and DNA recombinant) and the number of doses administered (three or four doses). In addition, the protective effect of the vaccine in vaccinated subjects was studied in relation to the anti-HBc presence. The serologic results suggest that, in cohorts of children vaccinated 5 years earlier, a higher prevalence of subjects with anti-HBs protective levels was found, when the DNA recombinant vaccines were administered (97.6% for MSD Recombivax and 97.1% for SKF Engerix B); a lower one when the plasma-derived vaccine was used (80.4% Pasteur Merieux, Hevac B). Moreover, in cohorts of children vaccinated with plasma derived vaccine (hevac B) 10 years earlier, a higher prevalence of subjects with anti-HBs protective levels was demonstrated when four doses were administered (76.9%); a lower one when three doses were inoculated (57.5%). The absence of core antibody (anti-HBc) in responders to the vaccination shows the protective efficacy of both the DNA recombinant and plasma derived vaccines. On the other hand the presence of anti-HBc in some anti-HBs negative non-responders subjects shows the susceptibility of these people to infection. In anti-HBs negative vaccinated subjects the appearance of levels of anti-HBs in 95.9% of subjects, 1 week after the administration of a booster dose, demonstrates the presence of a solid immunologic memory.