The central dopaminergic system: susceptibility to risk factors for accelerated aging

The synaptic deficit of brain dopaminergic activity involves a complex pattern of changes both at presynaptic and at postsynaptic level. The aged dopaminergic nuclei present a reduced number of dopamine terminals, a decreased ability to synthesize and reuptake dopamine and defective recognition sites both in terms of absolute number of D2 receptors and of transducing mechanisms linked to D1 receptors. These changes suggest that the dopaminergic system may be particularly sensitive during aging to environmental, iatrogenic and toxic factors, which may easily make the elderly develop symptoms of central dopamine deficiency.