The effect of increased intraocular pressure on pulsatile ocular blood flow in low tension glaucoma

In the present study the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) in low tension glaucoma (LTG) has been investigated. The POBF was measured using the Ocular Blood Flow system of Langham in undisturbed eyes and repeated at IOP increments of about 5 and 10 mmHg in 20 patients affected with bilateral LTG and in 25 healthy subjects matched for age, IOP, refractive error, arterial blood pressure and heart rate. The POBFs were 740.1 (SD 58.83) and 667 (SD 108) microliters/minute (μl/min) in the control and LTG groups, respectively, and statistically significantly different. The POBFs at an IOP increased by 5 mmHg were 658.1 (SD 60.2) and 457.3 (SD 74.8) μl/min in the control and LTG groups, respectively; in the control group the mean POBF at an IOP increment of 10 mmHg was 552.1 μl/min (SD 66.9), and in the LTG group was 317.7 μl/min (SD 85.2). Statistical analysis of the data showed a significant difference of POBFs in the two groups either at an IOP increment of 5 or 10 mmHg (p < 0.0001). The substantial decrease of POBF with increased IOP in LTG eyes compared with normals shows an altered response of the vascular system in LTG. These findings are probably consistent with a lack of the myogenic autoregulation in reply to IOP-induced modifications of the perfusion pressure.