Smart city governance in the MENA region: islamic green finance and new space economy

In the context of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the interconnection of energy, food, and effective governance systems holds profound implications for the region's socio-economic development. This interplay plays a key role for the MENA region's unique energy resources, geopolitical significance, and complex governance dynamics. The region is indeed rich in energy resources, particularly oil and gas, which are major contributors to the region's economic prosperity. In this context, ethical governance systems along with sustainable financial instruments, are of paramount importance in ensuring a proper, transparent, and equitable management of resources to benefit the entire population and reduce socio-economic disparities. This holds true particularly in the context of effective policies that take into account the growing concerns of sustainable development, an issue of growing prominence within the regional governments' agendas. Mismanagement or corruption can indeed hinder socio-economic development, intensify inequalities, and weaken public trust in\ governance systems. In the Middle East, the complex relationship between energy, food, and governance holds therefore the key to make significant progress for achieving the SDGs, especially those related to affordable and renewable energies, zero hunger, and responsible consumption and production. Ethical and effective governance strategies can promote investments in renewable energies, while promoting sustainable agriculture practices to ensure food security. However, the interconnection among these sectors in the MENA region is beset with formidable challenges: geopolitical tensions and conflicts can constrain energy supply and hinder cooperation on regional food security initiatives. This study aims to analyse the multifaceted impact of the interconnection among energy, food, and governance systems on socio-economic development in the MENA region. It also seeks to highlight valuable strategies aimed at promoting ethical governance and sustainable development in the MENA region in compliance with the local cultural, religious, social background.