Medicinal Plants in Europe and Africa: Looking Beyond Tradition and Toward Gene Regulation : UNESCO Chair “Biotechnology and Bioethics”, Università di Roma Tor Vergata

The chapter 'Medicinal Plants in Europe and Africa: Looking Beyond Tradition and Toward Gene Regulation' delves into the rich history and contemporary relevance of traditional medicine, particularly the use of plants and herbs for healthcare. It underscores the continued reliance on traditional medicine in many regions, especially in Africa, where up to 90% of the population depends on it. The text explores the growing interest and policy developments in traditional medicine, emphasizing the need for regulation to ensure safety and efficacy. It also highlights the interdisciplinary approach of the UNESCO Chair 'Biotechnology and Bioethics' in integrating traditional practices with modern scientific research. The chapter discusses the responsible research and innovation (RRI) approach, which promotes inclusivity, reflexivity, and anticipation in scientific research. It further examines the potential of medicinal plants in gene regulation, using examples like Olea europea and Moringa oleifera, and the impact of their bioactive compounds on human health. The text also touches on the sustainable development goals and the role of traditional medicine in achieving them. Overall, the chapter offers a compelling narrative on the synergy between traditional and modern medicine, encouraging further exploration and integration of these practices for better health outcomes.