A geometric algebra-based approach for myoelectric pattern recognition control and faster prosthesis recalibration

Objective: Although many advancements have been made on myoelectric pattern-recognition, the control of polyarticulated upper-limb prostheses remains insufficiently robust. Electrode-shift, sweat or fatigue degrade the performance of classifiers over time, resulting in unfruitful device usage and frequent re-calibration. To tackle this issue, here we introduce two models 􀀀 μP6 and μP8 􀀀 that combine Geometric Algebra with nearest-neighbor classification. We aim at reducing both the necessary training data and training time and, unlike most current state-of-the-art algorithms, we exploit an alternative geometric representation (and visualization) of the EMG signal as different polygons for different types of gestures, facilitating the explanation of the decision-making process to a layman. Moreover, we explore four abstention strategies to reduce the number of misclassifications. Methods: We perform an offline analysis on two datasets, alongside two other standard models: nonlinear logistic regression (NLR) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Results: Even with few training data, the proposed algorithms achieve high F1-scores (>0.95), significantly higher or non-significantly different from the values obtained with NLR and LDA, while maintaining relatively low abstentions rates and training times (<2 ms). Conclusion: The proposed algorithms allow to reduce the amount of training data and training times without compromising recognition rates. Significance: The proposed algorithms may contribute for a faster prosthesis re-calibration procedure while allowing to re-gain high recognition rates. Furthermore, the decision-making process is explainable and interpretable, potentially improving user trust and acceptance.