One Fell Swoop: Septic Muscle Embolism and Central Venous Catheter Infection Imaged with [18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

we describe the case of a 43-year-old female with hereditary hemochromatosis, previously without cardiac issues, who presented with a severe fever (>40 to 41 °C) to our hospital. Initial assessments, including transthoracic echocardiography, showed no typical signs of infective endocarditis. a contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed a hypodense area in the right subscapular muscle, alongside pleural thicknesses. due to the critical condition, a central venous catheter (CVC) was implanted for immediate intravenous treatment. subsequent blood cultures, positive for staphylococcus aureus, and transesophageal echocardiography led to a diagnosis of multivalvular infective endocarditis (MIE). subsequently, the patient underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG), which detected increased tracer incorporation in the muscle lesion, CVC, and pleural thicknesses. the final diagnosis was CVC infection and septic embolism to the subscapular muscle in a patient with pleuritis. this case showcases the critical role of [18F]FDG PET/CT as whole-body imaging modality in diagnosing and managing complex infective cases.