Increasing diversion of prescribed benzodiazepines and Z-drugs to new psychoactive substances

over the last few years reports have indicated an increase in the number, type and availability of new psychoactive substances belonging to the benzodiazepine class. these molecules may pose high risks to users, since the majority have never undergone clinical trials or tests so their pharmacology and toxicology is largely unknown. however the new drug scenario emerging from the COVID-19 global pandemic seems to play a role in increasing the diversion of prescribed benzodiazepines and Z-drug. a brief presentation of this phenomenon is hereby presented. the awareness and response activities at national and international levels related to this issue should be enforced.