Framework of IoT, blockchain, digital twins, and artificial intelligence solutions in support of the digital business transformation of logistics 5.0

In organizations, it is vital to reach the customer. For this reason, logistics is considered an essential function in organizations. A general definition of logistics includes planning, production, purchasing, transportation, storage, loading and unloading, handling, packaging, processing, distribution, control, information processing, and traceability. These activities must be balanced to achieve the primary objectives of logistics. This situation requires an appropriate flow of goods/services/people/information at the right time with the right equipment/devices/competent people at the right place in the right quality and quantity to satisfy customers. Logistics should also be sustainable, flexible, and resilient.