Effect of the Load Application Angle on the Compressive Behavior of Al Honeycomb under Combined Normal–Shear Stress

A comparison of the compressive behavior of Al honeycomb under pure normal stress and combined normal–shear stress was analyzed in this work. The typical working stress of honeycomb is a compressive load along the direction parallel to the axis of the cells. However, the component can also undergo shear stresses during operation, which can cause premature failure. This work analyzes the mechanical behavior in compression by normal stress (0 ) and in conditions of combined normal–shear stress (at 15 and 25 ) using a special pair of wedges. The samples were obtained from a 3000 series Al alloy sandwich panel and tested according to the ASTM C365/C365M-22 standard. The different deformation modes of the cells in the combined compression were examined for three angles (0, 15 , and 25 ). A theoretical model of combined compression was used to derive the normal and tangential components starting from the total stress–strain curves. A compression curve analysis was conducted at different angles , allowing for considerations regarding changes in strength, absorbed energy, and deformations. Overall, as the load application angle increased, both the shear resistance of the honeycomb and its tangential displacement up to densification increased, which is the opposite of what occurs in normal behavior. The cell rotation angle was calculated as the load angle varied. The rotation angle of the cell increased with the displacement of the crosshead and the application angle of the force.