L’importance de la théorie de la typologie lexicale pour comprendre l’évolution des langues romanes : l’oppo sition typologique entre le français et l’italien

The aim of this article is to show the importance of the theory of lexical typology defined by M. Herslund and I. Baron for understanding the evolution of Romance languages. Baron for understanding the evolution of Romance languages. Its starting point is based on the traditional categories of linguistic typology - isolating languages, agglutinating languages, inflectional languages - and it shows that the transition from one type to another occurs in a cyclical fashion, by integrating the knowledge acquired during the transition from one type to another. He then takes into account the theoretical principles of the lexical typology of I. Baron and M. Herslund, highlighting the relevance of their approach, even if the density relationship between verbs and nouns is called into question for the analysis of Romance languages. Based on the theory of the word in the psychomechanics of language and, more specifically, on the construction of the word in Language and Discourse, and by fully integrating the diachronic dimension, this study leads to a new opposition between pre-discursive languages (isolating languages / exocentric languages) and discursive languages (agglutinative and inflectional languages / endocentric languages).