The high confinement mode (H-mode) is considered the optimal regime for the production of energy through nuclear fusion for industrial purposes since it allows to increase the energy confinement time of the plasma roughly by a factor of two. Consequently, it has been selected at the moment as the standard scenario for the next generation of devices, such as ITER. However, pressure-driven edge instabilities, known as edge localized modes (ELMs), are a distinct feature of this plasma regime. Their extrapolated thermal and particle peak loads on the plasma-facing components (PFC) of the next generation of devices are expected to be so high as to damage such structures, compromising the normal operations of the reactors themselves. Consequently, the induced loads have to be controlled; this can be achieved by mitigating ELMs. A possibility then lays in increasing the ELMs frequency to lower the loads on the PFCs. As already demonstrated at JET, the pellet pacing of ELMs is considered one of the most promising techniques for such scope, and its optimization is therefore of great interest for present and future operations of nuclear fusion facilities. In this work, we suggest a method to access primary pieces of information to perform statistics, assess and characterize the pacing efficiency. The method, tested on JET data, is based on the clustering (k-means) of convoluted signals, using so-called spectrogram cross-correlation, between the measured pellets and ELMs time traces. Results have also been obtained by taking advantage of a new type of diagnostic for measuring the ELMs dynamic, based on synthetic diamond sensors, faster than the standard spectroscopic cameras used at JET.

Rossi, R., Cesaroni, S., Bombarda, F., Gaudio, P., Gelfusa, M., Marinelli, M., et al. (2022). An Unsupervised Spectrogram Cross-Correlation Method to Assess ELM Triggering Efficiency by Pellets. APPLIED SCIENCES, 12(7) [10.3390/app12073681].

An Unsupervised Spectrogram Cross-Correlation Method to Assess ELM Triggering Efficiency by Pellets

Riccardo Rossi;Pasquale Gaudio;Michela Gelfusa;Marco Marinelli;Gianluca Verona Rinati;Emmanuele Peluso
2022-01-01

Abstract

The high confinement mode (H-mode) is considered the optimal regime for the production of energy through nuclear fusion for industrial purposes since it allows to increase the energy confinement time of the plasma roughly by a factor of two. Consequently, it has been selected at the moment as the standard scenario for the next generation of devices, such as ITER. However, pressure-driven edge instabilities, known as edge localized modes (ELMs), are a distinct feature of this plasma regime. Their extrapolated thermal and particle peak loads on the plasma-facing components (PFC) of the next generation of devices are expected to be so high as to damage such structures, compromising the normal operations of the reactors themselves. Consequently, the induced loads have to be controlled; this can be achieved by mitigating ELMs. A possibility then lays in increasing the ELMs frequency to lower the loads on the PFCs. As already demonstrated at JET, the pellet pacing of ELMs is considered one of the most promising techniques for such scope, and its optimization is therefore of great interest for present and future operations of nuclear fusion facilities. In this work, we suggest a method to access primary pieces of information to perform statistics, assess and characterize the pacing efficiency. The method, tested on JET data, is based on the clustering (k-means) of convoluted signals, using so-called spectrogram cross-correlation, between the measured pellets and ELMs time traces. Results have also been obtained by taking advantage of a new type of diagnostic for measuring the ELMs dynamic, based on synthetic diamond sensors, faster than the standard spectroscopic cameras used at JET.
2022
Pubblicato
Rilevanza internazionale
Articolo
Esperti anonimi
Settore ING-IND/18 - FISICA DEI REATTORI NUCLEARI
English
edge-localized modes
ELM pacing
pellets
diamond sensors
spectrogram cross-correlation
clustering
Rossi, R., Cesaroni, S., Bombarda, F., Gaudio, P., Gelfusa, M., Marinelli, M., et al. (2022). An Unsupervised Spectrogram Cross-Correlation Method to Assess ELM Triggering Efficiency by Pellets. APPLIED SCIENCES, 12(7) [10.3390/app12073681].
Rossi, R; Cesaroni, S; Bombarda, F; Gaudio, P; Gelfusa, M; Marinelli, M; VERONA RINATI, G; Peluso, E
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2108/311058
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