Portici, palazzi, torri e fortezze. Edilizia e famiglie aristocratiche a Roma (XII-XIV secolo)

Based on a study of written sources and on the census and archaeological- architectural analysis of all medieval civil buildings, the article illustrates the property assets and forms of residence of both the top ranks of the Roman aristocracy, the so-called barons, and the rest of the city’s nobility. The history of porches, domus magne, palatia, towers and fortresses shows how from the 11th and, above all, from the 12th century a structural link between wealth and investment in durable buildings established itself with a previously unknown strength. Stone, brick, and mortar became a fundamental means of displaying aristocratic identity and expressing individual and family agency.