The uncontrolled activation of the immune system toward antigens contained in the gut lumen in genetically predisposed subjects is believed to be the leading cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Two not mutually exclusive hypotheses can explain the pathogenic process leading to IBD. The first and mostly explored hypothesis states that the loss of tolerance toward gut microbiota antigens generates an aberrant inflammatory response that is perpetuated by continuous and unavoidable exposure to the triggering antigens. However, the discovery that the resolution of inflammation is not the mere consequence of clearing inflammatory triggers and diluting pro-inflammatory factors, but rather an active process in which molecular and cellular elements are involved, implies that a defect in the pro-resolving mechanisms might cause chronic inflammation in different immune-mediated diseases, including IBD. Here we review data on pro-resolving and counter-regulatory mechanisms involved in the resolution of inflammation, aiming to identify their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Onali, S., Favale, A., Fantini, M.c. (2019). The Resolution of intestinal inflammation: the peace-keeper's perspective. CELLS, 8(4), 344 [10.3390/cells8040344].

The Resolution of intestinal inflammation: the peace-keeper's perspective

Onali, Sara;Fantini, Massimo C
2019-01-01

Abstract

The uncontrolled activation of the immune system toward antigens contained in the gut lumen in genetically predisposed subjects is believed to be the leading cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Two not mutually exclusive hypotheses can explain the pathogenic process leading to IBD. The first and mostly explored hypothesis states that the loss of tolerance toward gut microbiota antigens generates an aberrant inflammatory response that is perpetuated by continuous and unavoidable exposure to the triggering antigens. However, the discovery that the resolution of inflammation is not the mere consequence of clearing inflammatory triggers and diluting pro-inflammatory factors, but rather an active process in which molecular and cellular elements are involved, implies that a defect in the pro-resolving mechanisms might cause chronic inflammation in different immune-mediated diseases, including IBD. Here we review data on pro-resolving and counter-regulatory mechanisms involved in the resolution of inflammation, aiming to identify their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of IBD.
2019
Pubblicato
Rilevanza internazionale
Articolo
Sì, ma tipo non specificato
Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA
English
colitis; counter-regulatory mechanisms; immunosuppression; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Immune Tolerance; Intestinal Mucosa; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestines
Onali, S., Favale, A., Fantini, M.c. (2019). The Resolution of intestinal inflammation: the peace-keeper's perspective. CELLS, 8(4), 344 [10.3390/cells8040344].
Onali, S; Favale, A; Fantini, Mc
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2108/268949
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