Respect and protection, the community of researchers, and the good of humanity

The ethics of scientific research highlight crucial responsibilities and obligations concerning respect for, and protection of, humans and other living beings participating in it; the idea of a common enterprise based on commitment to truth, methodological rigour and impartiality, and the line which should not be crossed in order to prevent science from becoming a threat to human dignity or the environment. Building on principles, rules and criteria enshrined in many international documents over the last few decades, it is possible to address fundamental questions, which are still open to debate and at the crossroads of ethics and society. Ethics of scientific research continue to play a decisive role with regard to the many inequalities and asymmetries which could potentially pave the way to new forms of discrimination or even exploitation. Building a global ‘community’ of science implies fostering access to the results of research, which should not remain a responsibility (or a privilege) just for the few. If we adopt the same perspective, the concept of ‘sharing’ also needs to be broadened, addressing capacity-building and inclusion, for active participation in producing scientific and technological advancements for the good of humanity.