HATS-4b: A dense hot Jupiter transiting a super metal-rich G star

We report the discovery by the HATSouth survey of HATS-4b, an extrasolar planet transiting a V = 13.46 mag G star. HATS-4b has a period of P ≈ 2.5167 days, mass of M<SUB>p</SUB> ≈ 1.32 M <SUB>Jup</SUB>, radius of R<SUB>p</SUB> ≈ 1.02 R <SUB>Jup</SUB>, and density of ρ<SUB> p </SUB> = 1.55 ± 0.16 g cm<SUP>-3</SUP> ≈1.24 ρ<SUB>Jup</SUB>. The host star has a mass of 1.00 M <SUB>☉</SUB>, a radius of 0.92 R <SUB>☉</SUB>, and a very high metallicity [Fe/H]=0.43 ± 0.08. HATS-4b is among the densest known planets with masses between 1 and 2 M <SUB>J</SUB> and is thus likely to have a significant content of heavy elements of the order of 75 M <SUB>⊕</SUB>. In this paper we present the data reduction, radial velocity measurements, and stellar classification techniques adopted by the HATSouth survey for the CORALIE spectrograph. We also detail a technique for simultaneously estimating vsin i and macroturbulence using high resolution spectra. The HATSouth network is operated by a collaboration consisting of Princeton University (PU), the Max Planck Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), and the Australian National University (ANU). The station at Las Campanas Observatory (LCO) of the Carnegie Institution is operated by PU in conjunction with collaborators at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, the station at the High Energy Spectroscopic Survey site is operated in conjunction with MPIA, and the station at Siding Spring Observatory (SSO) is operated jointly with ANU. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at LCO, Chile. Based in part on data collected at Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, and on observations made with the MPG/ESO 2.2 m Telescope at the ESO Observatory in La Silla. This paper uses observations obtained with facilities of the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope.