There is a fundamental gap of knowledge on the health effects caused by the interaction of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) with the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). This is partly due to the incomplete knowledge of the complex physical and chemical transformations that ENM undergo in the GIT, and partly to the widespread belief that GIT health effects of ENM are much less relevant than pulmonary effects. However, recent experimental findings, considering the role of new players in gut physiology (e.g. the microbiota), shed light on several outcomes of the interaction ENM/GIT. Along with this new information, there is growing direct and indirect evidence that not only ingested ENM, but also inhaled ENM may impact on the GIT. This fact, which may have relevant implications in occupational setting, has never been taken into consideration. This review paper summarizes the opinions and findings of a multidisciplinary team of experts, focusing on two main aspects of the issue: 1) ENM interactions within the GIT and their possible consequences, and 2) relevance of gastro-intestinal effects of inhaled ENMs. Under point 1, we analyzed how luminal gut-constituents, including mucus, may influence the adherence of ENM to cell surfaces in a size-dependent manner, and how intestinal permeability may be affected by different physico-chemical characteristics of ENM. Cytotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and inflammatory effects on different GIT cells, as well as effects on microbiota, are also discussed. Concerning point 2, recent studies highlight the relevance of gastro-intestinal handling of inhaled ENM, showing significant excretion with feces of inhaled ENM and supporting the hypothesis that GIT should be considered an important target of extrapulmonary effects of inhaled ENM.

Pietroiusti, A., Bergamaschi, E., Campagna, M., Campagnolo, L., De Palma, G., Iavicoli, S., et al. (2017). The unrecognized occupational relevance of the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the gastro-intestinal tract: a consensus paper from a multidisciplinary working group. PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY, 14(1), 47 [10.1186/s12989-017-0226-0].

The unrecognized occupational relevance of the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the gastro-intestinal tract: a consensus paper from a multidisciplinary working group

Pietroiusti, Antonio;Campagnolo, Luisa;Magrini, Andrea;Palombi, Leonardo;
2017-11-25

Abstract

There is a fundamental gap of knowledge on the health effects caused by the interaction of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) with the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). This is partly due to the incomplete knowledge of the complex physical and chemical transformations that ENM undergo in the GIT, and partly to the widespread belief that GIT health effects of ENM are much less relevant than pulmonary effects. However, recent experimental findings, considering the role of new players in gut physiology (e.g. the microbiota), shed light on several outcomes of the interaction ENM/GIT. Along with this new information, there is growing direct and indirect evidence that not only ingested ENM, but also inhaled ENM may impact on the GIT. This fact, which may have relevant implications in occupational setting, has never been taken into consideration. This review paper summarizes the opinions and findings of a multidisciplinary team of experts, focusing on two main aspects of the issue: 1) ENM interactions within the GIT and their possible consequences, and 2) relevance of gastro-intestinal effects of inhaled ENMs. Under point 1, we analyzed how luminal gut-constituents, including mucus, may influence the adherence of ENM to cell surfaces in a size-dependent manner, and how intestinal permeability may be affected by different physico-chemical characteristics of ENM. Cytotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and inflammatory effects on different GIT cells, as well as effects on microbiota, are also discussed. Concerning point 2, recent studies highlight the relevance of gastro-intestinal handling of inhaled ENM, showing significant excretion with feces of inhaled ENM and supporting the hypothesis that GIT should be considered an important target of extrapulmonary effects of inhaled ENM.
25-nov-2017
Pubblicato
Rilevanza internazionale
Articolo
Sì, ma tipo non specificato
Settore MED/44 - MEDICINA DEL LAVORO
English
Con Impact Factor ISI
Direct toxicity; Gastrointestinal tract; Indirect toxicity; Ingested nanoparticles; Inhaled nanoparticles; Microbiota; Workers’ exposure; Animals; Consensus; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Inhalation Exposure; Intestinal Absorption; Nanostructures; Occupational Exposure; Risk Assessment; Occupational Health
Pietroiusti, A., Bergamaschi, E., Campagna, M., Campagnolo, L., De Palma, G., Iavicoli, S., et al. (2017). The unrecognized occupational relevance of the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the gastro-intestinal tract: a consensus paper from a multidisciplinary working group. PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY, 14(1), 47 [10.1186/s12989-017-0226-0].
Pietroiusti, A; Bergamaschi, E; Campagna, M; Campagnolo, L; De Palma, G; Iavicoli, S; Leso, V; Magrini, A; Miragoli, M; Pedata, P; Palombi, L; Iavicoli, I
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2108/203025
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