Healthcare-associated infections are a major clinical and public health problem that involve, in a variety of ways, healthcare professionals, hospital administrators and, above all, patients. In Italy, the incidence of infections complications generally varies from 5-10% (hospitalize patients) to 1% (home care patients); 5-10% of such infections manifest epidemically, and infections caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are becoming more and more common, with a mortality rate of 20-30%. Moreover, any "preventable deaths or serious injuries" attributable to a (concrete) causality resulting front a breach of rules, laws and regulations, as well as imprudence, incompetence or negligence by the operators will determine a possibility of a penal prosecution for manslaughter or grievous bodily harm, and also generate expenses for civil procedures and insurance compensation. The adoption of company policies covering appropriate risk assessment, epidemiological monitoring, implementation of guidelines, procedures and protocols, activity of the Hospital Infections Committee and proper communication between managers and facilities, training of healthcare personnel and medical surveillance of employees can help reduce the adverse phenomena of healthcare-associated infections.
Le infezioni correlate all'assistenza sono un rilevante problema clinico e di salute pubblica che vede coinvolti, a vario titolo, gli operatori sanitari, gli amministratori delle aziende ospedaliere e soprattutto le persone assistite. In Italia la frequenza con cui compare una complicanza infettiva è mediamente variabile dal 5-10% (ospedale) all'1% (pazienti assistiti a domicilio) ma il 5-10% delle complicanze infettive si manifesta in modo epidemico e sono sempre più frequenti le infezioni sostenute da microrganismi antibiotico resistenti con mortalità attribuibile pari a 20-30%. Ed eventuali "decessi prevenibili o lesione grave" collegabili ad una causalità (concreta) sostenuta da violazione di norme, leggi, regolamenti oltre che ad imprudenza, imperizia o negligenza degli operatori possono determinare ipotesi di reato per omicidio colposo o lesioni personali gravi,oltre a comportare costi per procedimenti civilistici ed indennizzi assicurativi. Adozione di policies aziendali che contemplino adeguata valutazione dei rischi, sorveglianza epidemiologica attuazione di linee guida, procedure e protocolli, una attività del Comitato Infezioni Ospedaliere e una corretta comunicazione tra responsabili e strutture, la formazione del personale sanitario e la sorveglianza sanitaria dei dipendenti possono contribuire a ridurre fenomeni avversi costituiti dalle infezioni correlate all'assistenza.
Messineo, A., Marsella, L.t. (2015). Biological hazards and healthcare-associated infections in Italian healthcare facilities: some considerations on inspections and accountability. ANNALI DI IGIENE MEDICINA PREVENTIVA E DI COMUNITÀ, 27(6), 799-807 [10.7416/ai.2015.2073].
Biological hazards and healthcare-associated infections in Italian healthcare facilities: some considerations on inspections and accountability
MESSINEO, AGOSTINO;MARSELLA, LUIGI TONINO
2015-01-01
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections are a major clinical and public health problem that involve, in a variety of ways, healthcare professionals, hospital administrators and, above all, patients. In Italy, the incidence of infections complications generally varies from 5-10% (hospitalize patients) to 1% (home care patients); 5-10% of such infections manifest epidemically, and infections caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are becoming more and more common, with a mortality rate of 20-30%. Moreover, any "preventable deaths or serious injuries" attributable to a (concrete) causality resulting front a breach of rules, laws and regulations, as well as imprudence, incompetence or negligence by the operators will determine a possibility of a penal prosecution for manslaughter or grievous bodily harm, and also generate expenses for civil procedures and insurance compensation. The adoption of company policies covering appropriate risk assessment, epidemiological monitoring, implementation of guidelines, procedures and protocols, activity of the Hospital Infections Committee and proper communication between managers and facilities, training of healthcare personnel and medical surveillance of employees can help reduce the adverse phenomena of healthcare-associated infections.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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