In the mouse, three genes homologous to the Drosophila Nanos (Nos) gene have been identified. Deletion of one of the Nanos genes, Nanos2, results in male sterility, due to germ cell loss during the fetal life. Before apoptosis, Nanos2 null gonocytes enter meiosis, suggesting that Nanos2 functions as a meiotic repressor. Here we show that Nanos2 is continuously expressed in male germ cells from fetal gonocytes to postnatal spermatogonial stem cells. We observed that the pro-meiotic factor AtRA, an analog of retinoic acid (RA), down-regulates Nanos2 levels both in fetal and postnatal gonocytes while promoting meiosis. Interestingly, FGF9, a growth factor crucial for sex differentiation and for survival of fetal gonocytes, upregulates Nanos2 levels in both male and female primordial germ cells (PGCs) and in premeiotic spermatogonia. This effect was paralleled by an impairment of meiotic entry, suggesting that FGF9 acts as an inhibitor of meiosis through the upregulation of NANOS2. We found that NANOS2 interacts with PUMILIO2 and that these two proteins colocalize in the ribonucleoparticle/polysomal fractions on sucrose gradients, supporting the notion that they bind RNA. Finally, we found that recombinant NANOS2 binds two spermatogonial mRNAs, Gata2 and Taf7l, which are involved in germ cell differentiation.
Nel topo sono stati identificati tre geni omologhi al gene Nanos (Nos) di Drosophila. La delezione di uno dei geni Nanos, Nanos2, genera sterilità maschile dovuto alla perdita delle cellule germinali durante la vita fetale. Prima di andare in apoptosi, i gonociti senza Nanos2 entrano in meiosi, il cui suggerisce che Nanos2 agisce come un repressore meiotico. In questo lavoro mostriamo come Nanos2 è espresso in maniera continua nelle cellule germinali maschili dallo stadio di gonociti fetali a spermatogonia stem cells post natali. Abbiamo osservato che il fattore pro-meiotico AtRA, un analogo dell’acido retinoico (RA), abbassa i livelli di Nanos2 nei gonociti fetali e postnatali mentre stimola la meiosi. Molto interessante, FGF9, un fattore di crescita cruciale per il differenziamento sessuale e la sopravivenza dei gonociti, stimola l’espressione di Nanos2 nelle PGCs sia maschili che femminili e nelle spermatogoni pre meiotiche. Questo effetto è accompagnato da una inibizioni dell’entrata in meiosi, il cui suggerisce che FGF9 agisce come un inibitore della meiosi attraverso l’stimolazione di NANOS2. Abbiamo trovato che NANOS2 interagisce con PUMILIO2 e che queste due proteine colocalizzano nelle frazioni ribonucleoproteici e polisomali in gradienti di saccarosio, supportando l’idea che queste proteine sono legano RNA . Per ultimo, abbiamo trovato che la proteina ricombinante NANOS2 lega due mRNAs spermatogoniali, Gata2 e Taf7l, i cui sono coinvolti nel loro differenziamento.
Barrios Abraham, F. (2010). Transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms control meiotic entry in mouse germ cells.
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms control meiotic entry in mouse germ cells
BARRIOS ABRAHAM, FLORENCIA
2010-08-09
Abstract
In the mouse, three genes homologous to the Drosophila Nanos (Nos) gene have been identified. Deletion of one of the Nanos genes, Nanos2, results in male sterility, due to germ cell loss during the fetal life. Before apoptosis, Nanos2 null gonocytes enter meiosis, suggesting that Nanos2 functions as a meiotic repressor. Here we show that Nanos2 is continuously expressed in male germ cells from fetal gonocytes to postnatal spermatogonial stem cells. We observed that the pro-meiotic factor AtRA, an analog of retinoic acid (RA), down-regulates Nanos2 levels both in fetal and postnatal gonocytes while promoting meiosis. Interestingly, FGF9, a growth factor crucial for sex differentiation and for survival of fetal gonocytes, upregulates Nanos2 levels in both male and female primordial germ cells (PGCs) and in premeiotic spermatogonia. This effect was paralleled by an impairment of meiotic entry, suggesting that FGF9 acts as an inhibitor of meiosis through the upregulation of NANOS2. We found that NANOS2 interacts with PUMILIO2 and that these two proteins colocalize in the ribonucleoparticle/polysomal fractions on sucrose gradients, supporting the notion that they bind RNA. Finally, we found that recombinant NANOS2 binds two spermatogonial mRNAs, Gata2 and Taf7l, which are involved in germ cell differentiation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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