According to a recent WHO report, there is 1 billion of people spread all over the world, living with a neurological diseases, in particular 50 million of cases of epilepsy and 24 cases of dementia, that will increase to 114 million within the 2050, especially for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), the two main forms of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease represents 50% and vascular dementia 20% of all dementia cases. In the worrying scenario of this wide diffusion there is also a difficulty of early diagnosis that could have got clear advantages to ensure timely intervention. In the early stage is difficult to distinguish symptoms of dementia from a normal ageing as well to distinguish AD from VD and depression. The current standards for dementia diagnosis refer to some guidelines and follow a diagnostic procedure based on neuropsychological and neuroimaging tests that are however not sufficient for early diagnosis. Try to find diagnostic markers linked to brain damage that happens in this kind of pathologies, that is neuronal death. Between the possible markers, it is of great interest 24s-Hydroxycholesterol, oxysterol, the main cholesterol metabolites in the CNS that goes into systemic circulation through the haematoencephalic barrier. The simple variation of concentration of 24S- Hydroxycholesterol, produced only by the brain, in the blood of pathologic patients compared to healthy people entail an altered cholesterol homeostasis in CNS as a consequence of brain damage. The main purpose of this work is to develop and support an analytic method in LC-MS/MS for the serum 24S- Hydroxycholesterol dosage with following application to the analysis of control and pathologic samples (20 persons suffering from late beginning Alzheimer’s disease, 20 persons suffering from VD and 20 persons with MCI, a preclinical dementia stage). The results prove a significant fall in 24S- Hydroxycholesterol average values between people suffering from AD and VD compared to controls, and an increase between sufferers from MCI. A negligible difference has been picked out between AD and LOAD patients.
Secondo un recente rapporto dell’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità un miliardo di persone, distribuite in tutto il mondo, vive con una malattia neurologica, con 50 milioni di casi di epilessia e 24 milioni di casi di demenza questi ultimi destinati ad aumentare fino a 114 milioni nel 2050, soprattutto per quanto riguarda la malattia di Alzheimer (AD) e la demenza vascolare (VD) che rappresentano le due forme principali, giustificando la prima il 50% e la seconda circa il 20% di tutte le cause di demenza. Nello scenario preoccupante di questa grossa diffusione si inserisce la difficoltà di una diagnosi precoce la quale avrebbe indubbi vantaggi per assicurare interventi tempestivi. Nella fase iniziale è difficile distinguere i sintomi della demenza da un normale invecchiamento, nonché distinguere AD,VD e depressione in quanti i sintomi iniziali sono molto simili. Gli attuali criteri per la diagnosi di AD e VD fanno riferimento ad alcune linee guida e seguono un iter diagnostico basato su test neuropsicologici e test di neuroimaging che però non sono sufficienti per una diagnosi precoce. Si cerca infatti di individuare marker diagnostici correlati al danno cerebrale che avviene in queste patologie, ossia la morte neuronale. Tra i possibili marker, sta suscitando particolare interesse il 24S-idrossicolestrolo, un ossisterolo, principale metabolita del colesterolo a livello del SNC che passando attraverso la barriera ematoencefalica si immette nella circolazione sistemica. Essendo il 24S-idrossicolesterolo di sola origine cerebrale, una sua variazione di concentrazione nel sangue di pazienti patologici rispetto ai normali riflette un’alterata omeostasi del colesterolo a livello del sistema nervoso centrale come conseguenza del danno neurologico. Scopo di questo lavoro è stato quindi quello di sviluppare e validare un metodo analitico in LC-MS/MS per il dosaggio del 24S-idrossi nel siero con successiva applicazione all’analisi di campioni controllo e patologici e precisamente di 20 pazienti affetti da Alzheimer ad insorgenza tardiva (LOAD), 20 pazienti affetti da VD e 20 pazienti con Mild Cognitive Impariment (MCI), uno stadio preclinico di demenza. I risultati mostrano una diminuzione significativa dei valori medi di 24S-idrossicolesterolo nei pazienti con AD e VD rispetto ai controlli, mentre un aumento nei pazienti con MCI. Una differenza poco significativa è stata evidenziata tra pazienti AD e LOAD.
Perrone Donnorso, M. (2010). Analisi quantitativa del 24S-idrossicolesterolo come applicazione clinica della LC-MS/MS alle malattie neurologiche: Alzheimer e demenza vascolare.
Analisi quantitativa del 24S-idrossicolesterolo come applicazione clinica della LC-MS/MS alle malattie neurologiche: Alzheimer e demenza vascolare
PERRONE DONNORSO, MICHELA
2010-03-25
Abstract
According to a recent WHO report, there is 1 billion of people spread all over the world, living with a neurological diseases, in particular 50 million of cases of epilepsy and 24 cases of dementia, that will increase to 114 million within the 2050, especially for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), the two main forms of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease represents 50% and vascular dementia 20% of all dementia cases. In the worrying scenario of this wide diffusion there is also a difficulty of early diagnosis that could have got clear advantages to ensure timely intervention. In the early stage is difficult to distinguish symptoms of dementia from a normal ageing as well to distinguish AD from VD and depression. The current standards for dementia diagnosis refer to some guidelines and follow a diagnostic procedure based on neuropsychological and neuroimaging tests that are however not sufficient for early diagnosis. Try to find diagnostic markers linked to brain damage that happens in this kind of pathologies, that is neuronal death. Between the possible markers, it is of great interest 24s-Hydroxycholesterol, oxysterol, the main cholesterol metabolites in the CNS that goes into systemic circulation through the haematoencephalic barrier. The simple variation of concentration of 24S- Hydroxycholesterol, produced only by the brain, in the blood of pathologic patients compared to healthy people entail an altered cholesterol homeostasis in CNS as a consequence of brain damage. The main purpose of this work is to develop and support an analytic method in LC-MS/MS for the serum 24S- Hydroxycholesterol dosage with following application to the analysis of control and pathologic samples (20 persons suffering from late beginning Alzheimer’s disease, 20 persons suffering from VD and 20 persons with MCI, a preclinical dementia stage). The results prove a significant fall in 24S- Hydroxycholesterol average values between people suffering from AD and VD compared to controls, and an increase between sufferers from MCI. A negligible difference has been picked out between AD and LOAD patients.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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