The research work has been focalized on the preparation and characterization of novel hybrid systems based on Csp2 and Csp3 covalently bonded and nanodiamond based materials. The systems composed by carbon nanotubes (CNT) and diamond, can be expected to have unique mechanical properties, excellent electrical and thermal conductivities and field emission characteristics comparable to or better than pure diamond and CNTs. Diamond/CNT hybrids may thus find applications as wear-resistant coatings, thermal management of integrated circuits (ICs), field emission devices and electrical field shielding in MEMS and microelectronics. As consequence, more research in this field is mandatory in what concerns the synthesis itself and also the properties characterization of this new class of materials. At the same time, the ability to produce diamond specimens with complex three-dimensional shapes is a very challenging requirement of any diamond-based technology. More recently a special class of diamond structure at the nanoscale has been discovered: this material is often called 'ultra-nanocrystalline' diamond with characteristic size of the basic diamond constituents encompassing the range of just few nanometers. It has gained a world-wide attention due to its inexpensive large scale synthesis based on the detonation, small primary particle size (few nanometers), surface functionalization, as well as high biocompatibility. In a first part of this thesis work, the results obtained by using aqueous nanodiamond colloids to produce 'shaped' polycrystalline diamond films with modified hot filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) apparatus are described and discussed. Furthermore, in order to produce diamond films with improved quality and properties, we have exploited the experimental parameters normally used for conventional CVD diamond growth in the synthesis of polycrystalline diamond films onto an innovative substrate constituted by a superconducting material like niobium nitride (NbN). The focal point has been the study of the catalytic effect induced by NbN during the CVD growth compared to the most used Si. The structural and morphological properties of the prepared samples have been characterized and discussed.. More recently, an important task is represented by the study of the benefits obtained by the integration of different nanosized carbon forms for the realization of novel hybrid Csp2-Csp3 systems. Starting from this research, an important part of the thesis work was focused on one-step synthesis, by means of the CVD Technique, of CNTs/nanodiamond systems and their structural, morphological and functional characterizations. In particular, the preparation of deposits formed by CNT arrays coated by nanodiamond grains has been optimized and the results obtained are presented and discussed.
Il lavoro di ricerca si è focalizzato sulla preparazione e caratterizzazione di sistemi ibridi innovativi basati su Csp2 e Csp3 connessi mediante legami covalenti e materiali a base di diamante nanocristallino. Questi sistemi composti da nanotubi di carbonio (CNT) e diamante, potrebbero avere proprietà meccaniche uniche, nonché caratteristiche elettriche e di conducibilità termica eccellenti insieme con proprietà di emissione di campo comparabili o migliori di quelle mostrate finora da diamante e nanotubi puri. Questi ibridi posso essere impiegati come rivestimenti antiusura, nel thermal management dei circuiti integrati, nei dispositivi ad emissione di campo e nei dispositivi per schermaggio di campi come nei MEMS. Da ciò ne deriva la necessità di studiare ed esplorare nuovi parametri che riguardano la sintesi di questi materiali così come le loro proprietà. Contemporaneamente, la capacità di ottenere campioni a base di diamante con geometrie 3D complesse costituisce una condizione necessaria per qualsiasi tecnologia a base diamante. Più recentemente, è stata scoperta una nuova classe di materiali al carbonio appartenente alla categoria diamante ma dalle dimensioni nanometriche: questo materiale è spesso denominato diamante ‘ultra-nanocristallino’, perché ha in sé le caratteristiche tipiche del diamante ‘bulk’ ma rimanendo in dimensioni nanometriche. Grazie alla possibilità di sintetizzarlo su larga scala mediante metodi a basso costo basati su un processo di detonazione, nonché alle sue ridotte dimensioni (pochi nm) insieme con un’elevata funzionalizzazione della superficie e biocompatibilità, questo materiale ha raccolto un largo successo all’interno del mondo scientifico. In una prima parte di questo lavoro di tesi vengono descritti e discussi i risultati ottenuti nella sintesi di film di diamante policristallino in architetture predefinite adoperando dei colloidi acquosi di diamante nanocristallino e mediante tecnica di Deposizione Chimica da fase Vapore attivata da filamento caldo (HFCVD). Inoltre, al fine di produrre film di diamante dalle migliori proprietà e qualità, si è proceduto con la sperimentazione dei parametri, generalmente usati per la crescita CVD di diamante, nella sintesi di film di diamante policristallino su un substrato innovativo costituito da un materiale superconduttore come il nitruro di niobio (NbN). L’obiettivo era studiare l’effetto catalitico indotto da NbN durante la crescita CVD, avendo come riferimento un substrato solitamente usato per questo tipo di sintesi quale il Si. Tutti i campioni preparati sono stati studiati sia sotto l’aspetto strutturale che morfologico. Infine, una parte importante del lavoro di tesi è stata dedicata allo studio e ottimizzazione dei parametri di sintesi ad hoc per la crescita ‘one-step’ di sistemi CNT/diamante mediante tecnica CVD e loro caratterizzazione strutturale, morfologica e funzionale. In particolare ottimi risultati sono stati ottenuti nella preparazione di depositi costituiti da CNT coperti da grani di diamante nanocristallino.
Guglielmotti, V. (2010). Preparation and characterization of hybrid Csp2-Csp3 materials and nanodiamond-based systems.
Preparation and characterization of hybrid Csp2-Csp3 materials and nanodiamond-based systems
GUGLIELMOTTI, VALERIA
2010-03-17
Abstract
The research work has been focalized on the preparation and characterization of novel hybrid systems based on Csp2 and Csp3 covalently bonded and nanodiamond based materials. The systems composed by carbon nanotubes (CNT) and diamond, can be expected to have unique mechanical properties, excellent electrical and thermal conductivities and field emission characteristics comparable to or better than pure diamond and CNTs. Diamond/CNT hybrids may thus find applications as wear-resistant coatings, thermal management of integrated circuits (ICs), field emission devices and electrical field shielding in MEMS and microelectronics. As consequence, more research in this field is mandatory in what concerns the synthesis itself and also the properties characterization of this new class of materials. At the same time, the ability to produce diamond specimens with complex three-dimensional shapes is a very challenging requirement of any diamond-based technology. More recently a special class of diamond structure at the nanoscale has been discovered: this material is often called 'ultra-nanocrystalline' diamond with characteristic size of the basic diamond constituents encompassing the range of just few nanometers. It has gained a world-wide attention due to its inexpensive large scale synthesis based on the detonation, small primary particle size (few nanometers), surface functionalization, as well as high biocompatibility. In a first part of this thesis work, the results obtained by using aqueous nanodiamond colloids to produce 'shaped' polycrystalline diamond films with modified hot filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) apparatus are described and discussed. Furthermore, in order to produce diamond films with improved quality and properties, we have exploited the experimental parameters normally used for conventional CVD diamond growth in the synthesis of polycrystalline diamond films onto an innovative substrate constituted by a superconducting material like niobium nitride (NbN). The focal point has been the study of the catalytic effect induced by NbN during the CVD growth compared to the most used Si. The structural and morphological properties of the prepared samples have been characterized and discussed.. More recently, an important task is represented by the study of the benefits obtained by the integration of different nanosized carbon forms for the realization of novel hybrid Csp2-Csp3 systems. Starting from this research, an important part of the thesis work was focused on one-step synthesis, by means of the CVD Technique, of CNTs/nanodiamond systems and their structural, morphological and functional characterizations. In particular, the preparation of deposits formed by CNT arrays coated by nanodiamond grains has been optimized and the results obtained are presented and discussed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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