Inter-particle contact heat transfer model: an extension to soils at elevated temperatures

A simple 'inter-particle contact heat transfer' model for predicting effective thermal conductivity of soils at moderate temperatures (0-30degreesC) has been extended up to 90degreesC. The extended model accounts for latent heat transport by water vapour diffusion in soil air above the permanent wilting point; below that point, the soil thermal conductivity is approximated by linear interpolation without latent heat effect. By and large the best results are obtained when the latent heat is used only in the 'self consistent approximation' model with an overall root mean square error of 35% for all soils under consideration or 26% when excluding volcanic soils. This option can also be applied to moderate temperatures at which the enhanced heat transfer is negligibly small. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.