We have recently described that poly(ADP-ribosyl)-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors rescue U937 cells from apoptosis induced by 1 mM H2O2 oxidative stress; PARP activation leads to a reversible drop in NAD level, which could be blocked by PARP inhibitors (Nos-seri et al., 1994, Exp. Cell Res. 212, 367-373). A phenotypic variant of U937 is characterized by a lower basal NAD level (low NAD, LN U937, as opposed to the original high NAD, HN U937). In LN cells treatment with 1 mM H2O2, although activating PARP, does not lower NAD concentration; puzzlingly, PARP inhibitors increase (instead of decreasing, as occurs in HN cells) the extent of stress-induced apoptosis, leading to a reduced cell survival. NAD concentration could be increased in LN cells by adding nicotinamide (5-and 25-fold increase) to the culture medium. These cells (LN+) behaved as HN U937: oxidative stress induced a NAD drop, the extent of which is dependent on the cells' basal NAD level; moreover, PARP inhibitors could rescue LN+ cells from peroxide-induced apoptosis. H2O2-induced apoptosis is not triggered by NAD depletion, but instead it takes place only when NAD levels have been preserved or have recovered: on HN U937, peroxide doses (5 and 10 mM) which lead to necrosis induce an irreversible NAD drop, whereas apoptosis occurs only at lower doses, where NAD depletion is reversible; on LN cells NAD levels do not drop even upon 10 mM H2O2 treatment, and these cells die only by apoptosis; moreover, in HN cells apoptosis is not detectable until 8 h posttreatment, when NAD levels recover, whereas in LN cells, where NAD is always present, apoptosis begins to take place as early as 3 h after stress.

Coppola, S., Nosseri, C., Maresca, V., Ghibelli, L. (1995). Different basal NAD levels determine opposite effects of poly(ADP-ribosyl)polymerase inhibitors on H2O2-induced apoptosis. EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH, 221(2), 462-469 [10.1006/excr.1995.1397].

Different basal NAD levels determine opposite effects of poly(ADP-ribosyl)polymerase inhibitors on H2O2-induced apoptosis

GHIBELLI, LINA
1995-12-01

Abstract

We have recently described that poly(ADP-ribosyl)-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors rescue U937 cells from apoptosis induced by 1 mM H2O2 oxidative stress; PARP activation leads to a reversible drop in NAD level, which could be blocked by PARP inhibitors (Nos-seri et al., 1994, Exp. Cell Res. 212, 367-373). A phenotypic variant of U937 is characterized by a lower basal NAD level (low NAD, LN U937, as opposed to the original high NAD, HN U937). In LN cells treatment with 1 mM H2O2, although activating PARP, does not lower NAD concentration; puzzlingly, PARP inhibitors increase (instead of decreasing, as occurs in HN cells) the extent of stress-induced apoptosis, leading to a reduced cell survival. NAD concentration could be increased in LN cells by adding nicotinamide (5-and 25-fold increase) to the culture medium. These cells (LN+) behaved as HN U937: oxidative stress induced a NAD drop, the extent of which is dependent on the cells' basal NAD level; moreover, PARP inhibitors could rescue LN+ cells from peroxide-induced apoptosis. H2O2-induced apoptosis is not triggered by NAD depletion, but instead it takes place only when NAD levels have been preserved or have recovered: on HN U937, peroxide doses (5 and 10 mM) which lead to necrosis induce an irreversible NAD drop, whereas apoptosis occurs only at lower doses, where NAD depletion is reversible; on LN cells NAD levels do not drop even upon 10 mM H2O2 treatment, and these cells die only by apoptosis; moreover, in HN cells apoptosis is not detectable until 8 h posttreatment, when NAD levels recover, whereas in LN cells, where NAD is always present, apoptosis begins to take place as early as 3 h after stress.
dic-1995
Pubblicato
Rilevanza internazionale
Articolo
Esperti anonimi
Settore BIO/13 - BIOLOGIA APPLICATA
English
Apoptosis; Benzamides; Cell Death; Cell Line; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Monocytes; NAD; Niacinamide; Oxidative Stress; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
Coppola, S., Nosseri, C., Maresca, V., Ghibelli, L. (1995). Different basal NAD levels determine opposite effects of poly(ADP-ribosyl)polymerase inhibitors on H2O2-induced apoptosis. EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH, 221(2), 462-469 [10.1006/excr.1995.1397].
Coppola, S; Nosseri, C; Maresca, V; Ghibelli, L
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2108/170687
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