The increase of fungal opportunistic infections mainlydue to the rising of immunocompromised population,the development of resistance to current antifirngal agents, the limitedefficacy,and the side effects associatedwith several of these agents highlight the importanceof developing new antifungalagents. Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptidesandplantessential oils arepromising candidatesfor treatment of fungal infectionsbecauseoftheir potentialsynergism and their mechanism ofactionthat differs from those ofcommon antifungal drugs.However, no studytodatehas focused upon combined administration ofpeptides and essential oils.ln the presentstudy a possibleadditive or even synergistic antifungal effect betweentea tree oil CTO) or its main components,terpinen-4¬ol (T-4-ol).withthe antimicrobial salivarypeptidehistatin 5 has been analyzed. The antifi.ngal effects ofthesenaturalcompoundsweretestedagainst susceptible andresistantstrains of Candida albicans. Candidacidalassayswereperformedusing a microdilution platemethod, and the additive or synergistic effects between tested substances wereinvestigated with a checkerboard assay.According to the internationalguidelines (EUCAST E.Def.2.1,2000),ourpreliminarydatashow that the concuffenttreatmentofthe sensitive C.albicarasSA-40strainwith histatinand TTO leads to an additive antifungal effect with an average FractionalFungicidalConcenfationIndex(FFCI('))value >0.5(FFCI('):O.89+0.18)and to a reduction of average FractionalFungicidalConcentration (FFC('))valuesfrom 3. I to I .55 pglml for histatin andfrom2.97x103to0.64x lO3pg/ml for TTO. Importantly,the histatin SlT-4-oltreatmentleadsto a synergistic fungicidalactivityagainst the same strain(FFCl,*,:0.504*0.003)and to an additiveeffectagainst the azole resistant strainC.albicans AIDS-68 (FFCI,*,:O.58+0.31).Particularly,a significant reduction of FFC,",valueshasbeen observed in caseofthe histatin SlT-4-oltreatmentsof both the strains. Although of preliminary nature,ourresultsunderlinetheprospectiveclinical value ofthe combinations studied and encourage the extension ofour research to examining a number ofdrug-resistantCandidastrains as well as the in vivo activityof histatin 5/TTOor T:4-ol combination.
Di Vito, M., Girolamo, A., Melino, S.m., Mondello, F. (2014). Tea tree oilwith salivary natural antimicrobial peptides: candidates for treatment infections of fungal. In 8* CMAPSEEC.
Tea tree oilwith salivary natural antimicrobial peptides: candidates for treatment infections of fungal
MELINO, SONIA MICHAELA;
2014-05-19
Abstract
The increase of fungal opportunistic infections mainlydue to the rising of immunocompromised population,the development of resistance to current antifirngal agents, the limitedefficacy,and the side effects associatedwith several of these agents highlight the importanceof developing new antifungalagents. Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptidesandplantessential oils arepromising candidatesfor treatment of fungal infectionsbecauseoftheir potentialsynergism and their mechanism ofactionthat differs from those ofcommon antifungal drugs.However, no studytodatehas focused upon combined administration ofpeptides and essential oils.ln the presentstudy a possibleadditive or even synergistic antifungal effect betweentea tree oil CTO) or its main components,terpinen-4¬ol (T-4-ol).withthe antimicrobial salivarypeptidehistatin 5 has been analyzed. The antifi.ngal effects ofthesenaturalcompoundsweretestedagainst susceptible andresistantstrains of Candida albicans. Candidacidalassayswereperformedusing a microdilution platemethod, and the additive or synergistic effects between tested substances wereinvestigated with a checkerboard assay.According to the internationalguidelines (EUCAST E.Def.2.1,2000),ourpreliminarydatashow that the concuffenttreatmentofthe sensitive C.albicarasSA-40strainwith histatinand TTO leads to an additive antifungal effect with an average FractionalFungicidalConcenfationIndex(FFCI('))value >0.5(FFCI('):O.89+0.18)and to a reduction of average FractionalFungicidalConcentration (FFC('))valuesfrom 3. I to I .55 pglml for histatin andfrom2.97x103to0.64x lO3pg/ml for TTO. Importantly,the histatin SlT-4-oltreatmentleadsto a synergistic fungicidalactivityagainst the same strain(FFCl,*,:0.504*0.003)and to an additiveeffectagainst the azole resistant strainC.albicans AIDS-68 (FFCI,*,:O.58+0.31).Particularly,a significant reduction of FFC,",valueshasbeen observed in caseofthe histatin SlT-4-oltreatmentsof both the strains. Although of preliminary nature,ourresultsunderlinetheprospectiveclinical value ofthe combinations studied and encourage the extension ofour research to examining a number ofdrug-resistantCandidastrains as well as the in vivo activityof histatin 5/TTOor T:4-ol combination.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.